SOC: D. Romano (Co-chair), P.Bonifacio (co-chair), M. Limongi, A. Mucciarelli, L. Lombardo
LOC: J. Alazzawi (Chair), E. Caffau, M. Spite

Abstract

Our knowledge on the evolution of the elements C, N, O, S and P and of their isotopes is still limited. These elements are the key to form the “bricks” necessary to build lifeforms. The project “Sulphur, Phosphorus, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and (C)arbon Galactic Evolution” (SPONGE) was started in November 2024 at a kick-off meeting held at the Centre de Conferences Jules Janssen and had its first annual meeting in November 2025 at he Centre de Conferences Jules Janssen. The colaboration aims at improving the observational knowledge on these elements and their evolution, as well as improving our theoretical models for the nucleosynthesis and for the chemical evolution of these elements.

The large spectroscopic surveys like Gaia, WEAVE, 4MOST and MOONS GTO will not suffice to provide us with a complete picture of the abundances of these elements. The PLATO mission, planned for launch early in 2027, will provide us with a set of precise asteroseismic ages. Complementary observations to all these surveys are needed. One of the goals of SPONGE is precisely to secure such observations and develop our theoretical knowledge in order to interpret these data. Three subprojects have already started. One yearly meeting of the whole collaboration in hybrid mode, seems a good way to keep the information circulating within the collaboration.

Preliminary scientific programme

Monday 2026.07.06 afternoon - On-line connection
14:00-14:15 Welcome and goal - Piercarlo Bonifacio
14:15-14:45 Presentation of the Sophie sample - Jannat Alazzawi
14:45-15:15 The MINCE Mike sample - Linda Lombardo
15:15-15:45 The MINCE IV sample - Lapo Sgatti (on-line)
15:45-16:15 Coffee break
16:15-16:45 S in Carina and carbon in Nordlander’s star - Elisabetta Caffau
16:45-17:15 3D correction on CNO in Nordlander’s star - Matthias Steffen(on-line)
17:15-18:00 Suggestions on proposals

Tuesday 2026.07.07 morning
10:00-12:00 Proposal preparation round table
12:00-14:00 Lunch
Tuesday 2026.07.07 afternoon - On-line connection
14:00-14:30 Observations facilities in Chile - Lorenzo Monaco
14:30-15:00 Observations facilities in Italy - Alessio Mucciarelli
15:00-15:30 Homogeneous analysis of 75 CEMP stars - Lorenzo Santarelli
(on-line)
15:30-16:00 Coffee break
16:00-16:30 Abundances of CNO, Na, Mg, Al, P in bulge stars - Beatriz Barbuy
16:30-16:45 The interstellar 18O/17O gradient - Yipeng Zhou (on-line)
16:45-17:00 GCE with radial motion of gas and stars - Yipeng (on-line)
17:00-17:30 CNO in YMP stars - Piercarlo Bonifacio

Wednesday 2026.07.08 morning - On-line connection
10:00-12:00 Disussion: who-does-what for the proposals

List of participants

On site:

Jannat Alazzawi (PhD, LIRA Observatoire de Paris)
Beatriz Barbuy (Sao Paulo University, Brasil)
Piercarlo Bonifacio (LIRA Observatoire de Paris)
Elisabetta Caffau (LIRA Observatoire de Paris)
Seyma Caliskan (Ankara University)
Linda Lombardo (INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Italy)
Lorenzo Monaco (Universidad Andres Bello, Chile)
Alessio Mucciarelli (Università di Bologna, Italy)
Monique Spite (LIRA Observatoire de Paris)

On-line:

Patrick Francois (LIRA Observatoire de Paris)
Andy Gallagher (Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Germany)
Camilla Hansen (Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Germany)
Hans Ludwig (LSW, Heidelberg, Germany)
Maurizio Salaris (INAF - _ OAS Bologna)
Lorenzo Santarelli (PhD, Università di Bologna, Italy)
Luca Sbordone (ESO Chile)
Annika Schichtel (PhD, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Germany)
Lapo Sgatti (PhD, Università di Trieste, Italy)
Matthias Steffen (AIP, Potsdam, Germany)
Ypeng Zou (PhD, Università di Bologna, Italy)